DERMATOLOGY(Skin)---TOPICS To Be Prepared for Entrance Exams

PGMEEnotes:-SKIN / DERMATOLOGY---Most IMP.TOPICS.

1) SYPHILIS :---
I.P.=9-90 days,
responsiveness to Rx is assessed by VDRL.,
most contagious-papular skin rash,
Treponema pallidum,T.P. crosses placenta after 28 wks.,
most specific test-TPI.,
most common site of syphilitic aneurysm-ascending/proximal aorta,
with effective Rx -VDRL fall by 4 fold,
Congenital S.--sabre tibia , Rhagades ,Pseudoparalysis of parrot ,Hutchinson's teeth-incisors ,Diag.=IgM FTABS.,
Latent S.--minimum dose of penicillin=7.0 M.U.,
Primary S.--gummatous ulcer ,confirmatory test-dark field exam'n.,
Secondary S.--most sensitive test -TPH ,condyloma lata,commonest manifes.-rash,lesions-macule,papule,vesicles, usaually asymptomatic VDRL=1:2 dilution ,VDRL shows max. specificity,
Tertiary S.--aortic aneurysmseen ,RX OF SYPHILIS,
complications--( in preg.--miscarraige in preg. in 2&3rd trimester and stillbirth ) linear calcification of eary aortic aneurysms , aortic valvular insufficiency.............
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2) Leprosy :--- TT,BT,LL,
Lepra reaction--Type-I-TT,BT Rx systemicsteroids, ENL/Type-II-LL,reversal reaction,
satellite nodules & virchow'scell seen,
slitsmear-ve leprosy--neuritic type,
ulnar nerve inv. Ist.,
Iris pearls seen,100% neural inv.,bacteriological &morphological index ,RX-paucibacillary......
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3) Psoriasis :---
exacerbated by lithium ,Beta blocker,anti-malarials,
Koebner's phenomenon seen,
Bulkeley memb. Seen,
micro-munro abcess ,
guttate-psoriasis--due streptococcal infec.,
nails in P.--Oil drop app.,oncholysis,Auspitz sign ,nail changes seen in 2/3 pt's ,
pustular P.--Rx-methotrexate ,topical vit.D-calcipotriol & Pustular psoriasis-generalised...........
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4) Tinea infec. :---
Civatte bodies seen,
affects stratum corneum ,
Trichophyton--affects skin,hair,&nail,
KERION-caused by dermatophytes ,
T.capitis-org.trichiophyton .tonsurans & microsoprum ,
T.cruris--dhobi's itch,T.pedis--athelete's foot ,
T.unguium--org.,affects nail plate ,
Rxsystemic griseofulvin........
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5) Scabies :--- I.P.=4wks.,
by itch mite ,
norwegian S.-immunocompromised ,
S. in infants -face,
Rx-gammexane,benylbenzoate,tetmesol,sulphur oint.........
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6) Pemphigus vulgaris :---
acantholysis seen,
intraepidermal bulla,
degeneration of basal cells,row of tombstones app.,
Nikolsky sign seen,
can occur due to Procarbazine,....
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